Cook the pasta in a large pot of salted boiling water according to the package instructions until al dente. Drain and reserve some pasta water.
While the pasta cooks, heat 2 tablespoons of olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add the shrimp and cook for about 2-3 minutes on each side, until they are pink and cooked through. Remove from the skillet and set aside.
In the same skillet, add the remaining 2 tablespoons of olive oil. Add the chopped garlic and red pepper flakes, cooking for 1-2 minutes until the garlic is fragrant.
Add the lemon juice and zest. Optionally, pour in the white wine and let it simmer for about 2-3 minutes until slightly reduced.
Add the cooked pasta and shrimp to the skillet with the sauce. Toss everything together so the pasta is evenly coated with the sauce. If the sauce is too thick, add some reserved pasta water.
Stir in the chopped parsley and season with salt and pepper to taste.
Divide the shrimp pasta among plates and sprinkle with grated Parmesan cheese, if desired. Serve immediately and enjoy!